Electric-arc lamp.



N0. 638,6l4. Patented Dec. 5, I899.

E. WOLTMANN.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

(Apblicltion filed m. 19, 189B.) (No Model.) 3 Shaets-Sheet I.

WITNESSES. |N\/EIN TEIR W wwwmm N0. 638,6l4. Patented Dec. 5, I899. E.WOLTMANN.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

(Application filed Mat. 19, 1898.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

WITNESS INVENTEJR WZa/IZ AM'1 64am M Mia W v Fig- Z ATT'Y.

No. 638,6l4. Patented Dec. 5, I899.

E. WOLTMANN. ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

' (Application filed Mar. 10, 1898.) (N0 Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 ATTY.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFEIcE.

ERNST WOLTMANN, OF NFJV YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO ALBERTANDERSON AND JOHAN M. ANDERSEN, OF BOSTON, MASSA OHUSETTS.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 638,614, dated December5, 1899.

Appli ati fil d March 19, 1898. Serial No. 674,465. (No model.)

To (LZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ERNST WOLTMANN, a citizen of the United States,residing in New York, in the county of New York and State of New York,have invented an Improvement in Electric-Arc Lamps, of which thefollowing description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, isa specification, like letters and figures on the drawings representinglike parts.

This invention relates to electric-arc lamps, and is herein shown asembodied in an arclamp of the class commonly known as inclosedarc-lamps, and has for its object to improve, simplify, cheapen thecost, and increase the efficiency of arc-lamps of the class referred to.

Figure 1 is a section and elevation of an inclosed arc-lamp embodyingthis invention, the inclosing casing being shown in section; Fig. 2, adetail in elevation and on an enlarged scale, showing the lamp in itsoperative condition; Fig. 3, a section on the line 3 3, Fig. 2; Fig. 4,a top or plan view, on an enlarged scale, with the cover removed; andFigs. 5 and 6, details to be referred to.

Referring to Fig. l, the framework of the lamp is shown as composed oftwo substantially horizontal metal disks, plates, or bars a a, connectedby side bars a a uprights a a erected from the disk a and connectedtogether by cross bars or webs a a and arms or brackets a a, dependingfrom the disk a. These parts may and preferably Will be cast in onepiece. The framework referred to is designed to be inclosed, which maybe effected by a casing or cylinder a provided with an enlarged upperportion or end, a glass globe on, and a metal top or hood e The hood amay be secured to the cross-bar (t of the lamp-frame by providing itwith an angular opening, into which fits an angular projection a (seeFig. 4) on the said cross-bar and which projection is provided with ascrewthreaded opening (L for the reception of the threaded shank of ascrew or bolt a". The disks a a have extended through them a tube d forthe reception of the upper carbon pencil a, which tube may be firmlysecured in position by means of a collar or nut below the disk a and acollar or nut C621 (indicated by dotted lines, Fig. 4) above thecross-bar a, the said tube being insulated from the lamp-frame in anysuitable manner. The carbon pencil a cooperates with a lower carbonpencil e which, as herein shown, is held stationary by a set-screw (L ina holder a provided with a removable bottom in the form of a screw-capthe said holder being sustained in position by the metal arm or bracketa The upper carbon pencil a is movable and is adapted to be lifted by aclutch mechanism, which may and preferably will be of novelconstruction, as will be described.

Referring to Figs. 1, 2, and 3, the clutch mechanism herein shown iscomposed of a frame or carrier 1), provided with a central opening Z)and having at its opposite ends lugs or ears b between which are pivotedtoggle or jaw-carrying levers Z) 11 The jawcarrying lever 11 hereinshown is provided with an enlarged central opening 1) and is extended soas to project over a stationary piece or stop preferably of insulatingmaterial and which is herein shown as fastened by a screw or pin Z) to alug Z) on the bracket or arm a The jaw-carrying lever b is forked at itsfree or inner end and is provided with upwardly-extended arms 7 8, whichproject up into the opening 0 in the lever b and are provided withlateral projections or ears 1) I), which project above and are adaptedto engage the upper surface of the side bars 9 10 of the lever Z). Theforked arms of the lever Z) are also provided with laterally-extendedlugs 12 13, which project under and are adapted to engage the undersurface of the side bars 9 10 of the lever b. The lever 19 may also beprovided at its outer or free end with a depending arm b, having a hookwhich is adapted to engage the rear end of the lever 19 for a purpose aswill be described. It will thus be seen that the levers b b arepractically connected together by the lugs 0 b 12 13, so that when thecarrier 1) is lifted the free ends. of the said levers tend to assume asubstantially horizontal position, which movement brings theclamping-jaws Z9 1) into engagement with the carbon pencil a, the saidjaws being pivoted to the said levers, as at D Z1 so that the said jawsmay tilt toward and from the carbon pencil and assume a substantiallyvertical position irrespective of the position of the levers D If. Thecarrier b is adapted to be lifted, as herein shown, by means of asolenoid-electromagnet U preferably provided with two spools or coilshaving cores I), only one of which is shown and which are joined by atie-bar or armature connected at or near its center by a link 11 to anarm of a forked lever D having its forks I) Z2 pivoted to the side bar aof the lamp-frame and to which forks are pivotally connected the upperends of rods Zr b, extended through the disk ct and fastened to thecarrier 1), as by screws I) or in any other suitable or desired manner,so that when the forked lever Z1 is lifted the carrier will be raisedbodily.

The coils of the electromagnet I) may be detachably connected to a backstrap or bar b and the said bar may be attached to the side bar (0 ofthe lamp-frame in any suitable manner. The lever 17 may have pivotallyconnected to it a piston-rod Z) of a dash-pot 1), containing a piston,(not shown,) the said dash-pot being pivotally suspended at its upperend, as at Z1 from the bar Zr.

The electromagnet 11 has one end 20 of its coil connected by aclamping-ring d to the metal tube a, and the other end 21 of said coilis connected to a binding-post (1, attached to the disk a and extendedup into the charm ber (1 formed by said disk a, the cover ct, and theinclosing casing a The bindingpost cl has connected to it one end of aresistance, preferably made as herein shown and consisting of aplurality of coils :23, arranged in circles, one above the other, withtheir ends connected in series, the said coils being extended throughand supported in bushings d,

of porcelain, rubber, or other insulating material, which aresubstantially encircled by fingers 26 27 on brackets d, herein shown asfive in number, which are arranged in a circle about the upper portionof the lamp-frame and are firmly attached to the under side of the coveror hood a.

One end of the resistance, as aforesaid, is connected to the binding-post d and the other end is secured to a metal plate or bar d ,\vl1iel1cooperates with a binding-post d extended through the hood, butinsulated therefrom, and which post cooperates with the bar (1 to formstationary terminals of a switch or circuit-controller having itsmovable memher, as herein shown composed of copper or other conductingbrushes d (W, secured to the opposite sides of a lever (Z but insulatedtherefrom, the lever c being pivoted, as at d, to the under side of thehood a and provided with a handle (Z extended beyond the edge of thehood and through a suitable opening in the casing (4 so as to beaccessible from outside of said casing. The brushes (1 d act as a bridgeto connect the bindingpost d with the bar d when the lamp is included inthe line-circuit.

The electric current is conducted to the carbon pencil (4 preferably byspring-brushes (Z (1 attached to a carbon-holder Z (see Fig. 5,) whichis adapted to be moved lougitudinally in the tube a, and the springs orbrushes of which holder make a slight frictional contact with theinterior of said tube. The lower-carbon holder 64* is con nected by theoutgoing wire (1" to a binding-postd attached to the cover or hood a.The binding-post d may be regarded as the positive post and thebinding-post (Z as the negative post for the lamp.

The are formed between the carbons a (L22 may be inclosed byasubstantially small globe (Z held in position by the lower-carbonholder (L and a disk a having a depending annular flange and providedwith lateral] y-projectin g forked arms (Z (Z which somewhat looselyembrace the depending arms a a of the framework. The disk d is capableof beingraised and lowered to permit removal of the globe (Z and isadapted to be supported by projections d d on the arms a a". Thelower-carbon holder a is preferably made with a conical socket (1 forthe reception of the lower end of the globe d so as to enable the lowerend of the said globe to fit the holder even when it is not perfectlytrue or straight, while the upper end of the globe may accommodateitself to the loose disk (Z by reason of the forked arms fitting thearms a a somewhat loosely and permitting the disk to tilt or tipaccording to the upper edge of the globe (Z In order to protect thechamber l3 con taining the electromagnet Z1 from becoming highly heated,a shield dr may be provided, which may be a metal disk provided with afacing of asbestos, the said shield being attached to lugs orprojections (1, depending from the disk ct.

The operation of the lamp may be briefly described as follows, viz: Whenthe lamp is cutout of circuit by moving the switch-lever (Z from itsdotted to its full line position, Fig. at, the carbons (L19 (L and theoperative parts are in the position shown in Fig. 1. hen the switch isthrown into its dottedline position, Fig. 4, the circuit of the lamp iscompleted, which circuit may be traced as follows, viz: from thepositive binding-post (1 through the resistance-coils to the bindingpost(1, thence through the magnet 0 to the tube a, thence by thecarbon-holder (Z and upper carbon a 'to the lower carbon at, thence bythe lower-carbon holder and wire d to the negative binding-post (Z Theelectromagnet Z2 is thus energized and attracts its cores b therebylifting the yokeshaped lever Z) and the clutch-carrier I), and as thelatter is lifted the toggle-levers 0 11 are straightened or turned ontheir pivots, so that their free ends move toward the carrier and tendto assume a substantially horizontal position in line with their pivots.This movement of the toggle-levers is arrested by ICC the upper carbonpencil a, which is thus grasped between the clamping-jaws Z1 11 so thaton the continued upward movement of the carrier 1), the carbon pencil awill be lifted away from the lower carbon (L22 and the are will beestablished. When the arc increases to an abnormal size or length, theresistance in the lamp-circuit is increased to such amountas to reducethe current strength, so that gravity overcomes the attractive force ofthe magnet, and as a result the magnetcores, the lever, and the carrierdescend sufficien tly to again establish the normal condition of thearc. The carrier 1) responds to the slightest movement of themagnet-cores, thereby rendering the lamp sensitive and insuring asteady-burning lamp. The clutch or clamping jaws retain their hold onthe upper carbon until the descent of the carrier is such as to bringthe free end of the lever 19 into engagement with the stop b and onfurther downward movement of the carrier Z? the free ends of thetoggle-levers are arrested in their down ward movement, and theclamping-jaws are thereby released from the upper carbon, which ispermitted to descend by gravity until it makes contact with the lowercarbon or until the arc is diminished to such extent as will enable themagnet b to again lift the carrier 1).

The inclosing casing 64 may and preferably will be provided withsuitable openings 6 for the admission and circulation of air through thelamp, and in order to render the magnetcontaining chamber B asdust-tight as possible and yet permit of the passage of heated air fromit into the resistance-containing chamber 61 the disk 0b is providedwith an annular flange or raised boss (1 through which the tube apasses, so that any dust entering into the chamber (1 may be depositedon the disk or and will not be liable to pass down over the raisedflange or boss (Z into the chamber B.

The hooked arm b is preferably provided so as to limit the upwardmovement of the free end of the lever b and thereby reduce the movementof the jaws away from the carbon.

The carbon holder c1 is provided, as shown, with an enlarged upperportion which is of greater diameter than the opening or bore of the nutor collar (1 and which limits the movement of the carbon-holder out ofthe tube. The lower portion of the carbonholder is capable of projectingthrough and below the nut or collar (1 to permit the upper carbon to berenewed, and this lower partis provided with one or more lateral projections d which are adapted to pass through slots d (see Fig. 6) in thecollar or nut a when it is desired to trim the lamp, and the lowerportion of the carbon-holder d after passing through the collar may beturned so as to bring the projections (1 out of line with the slots (1,and thereby lock the carbon-.

holder against upward movement into the tube 01, when a new carbon isforced up into the holder. When the lamp is being trim med, the operatorforces the upper carboninto the lower portion of the holder (1 which isheld stationary by the projections d engagingthe under side of thecollar or nut a I claim-- 1. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination ofthe following instrumentalities, viz: a carbon-lifting magnet providedwith an armature, and a clutch mechanism operatively connected to saidarmature, and comprising a carrier and toggle-levers pivoted to said carrier on opposite sides of the carbon to be lifted and having their freeends in engagement with each other and moving toward ahorizontal linethrough their pivots when the carbon is lifted, and jaws to engage saidcarbon carried by said levers, substantially as described.

2. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination of the followinginstrumentalities, viz: a carbon-lifting magnet provided with anarmature, aclutch mechanism com prisinga carrier and jaw-carrying leverspivoted to said carrier and having their free ends in engagement witheach other and jaws pivoted to said levers to engage the carrier to belifted, and a lever interposed between said carrier-and armature and towhich said carrier and armature are connected, substantially as and forthe purpose specified.

3. In an electric-arc lamp, a clutch mechanism comprising a carrier,jaw-carrying le vers pivoted to said,carrier on opposite sides of thecarbon to he lifted, and provided with pivoted jaws between said carbonand the pivots for said levers, one of said levers being extended beyondthe carbon and engaging the other lever whereby the upward movement ofthe pivoted ends of the jaw-carrying levers effects movement of the freeends of said levers toward a horizontal line through their pivots,substantially as described.

at. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination of the followinginstrumentalities, viz: a carbon lifting magnet located at one side ofthe longitudinal center of the lamp and provided with an armature, alever pivoted at the opposite side of said longitudinal center to movein a substantiallyvertical plane, means to connect said armature to thefree end of said lever, a clutch mechanism for the carbon to be liftedcomprising jaw-carrying levers having their free ends in engagement witheach other, and a carrier to which the other ends of said jaw-carryinglevers are pivoted, and means to suspend said carrier from the lever towhich the said armature is connected, substantially as described.

5. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination of thefollowinginstrumentalities, viz: a me t-allic framework provided withseparated disks, plates or bars forming a magnet-containing chamber, acover or hood cooperating with the upper disk to form aresistancechamber, an inclosing shell or casing for said chambers, astationary carbon-receiving tube extended through said chambers, aclutch IIO mechanism outside of and below the magnetchamber,aresistancein said resistance-chamber, an electromagnetin themagnet-chamber connected with said resistance and with the stationarycarbon-receiving tube, an armature for said magnet, and mechanismconnecting the said armature with said clutch mechanism, substantiallyas described.

6. In an electric-arc lamp, a clutch mechanism comprising a movablecarrier having an opening for the passage of the carbon to be lifted,jaw-carrying levers pivoted to said carrier on opposite sides of thesaid carbon and provided with pivoted jaws between the said carbon andthe pivots for said levers, one of said levers being extended beyond thecarbon and adapted to engage astop to effect the disengagement of thesaid jaws from said carbon, substantially as described.

'7. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination of the followinginstrumentalities, viz: an inclosing case, a framework comprising disksor plates forming with said case a magnetcontaining chamber, and a coverforming with said case a resistance-containing chamber above themagnet-containing chamber, an arm or bracket a depending from the lowerdisk to support the lower stationary carbon-holder, a carbon-receivingtube (618 extended through the said disks or plates, a globe inclosingthe ends of the carbons, a socket for the lower end of the said globe, aflanged disk for the reception of the upper end of the said globeprovided with laterallyextended arms to loosely embrace the arm a and asecond arm (1, depending from the said lower disk, substantially asdescribed.

8. In an electric-arc lamp, aclutch mechanism comprising a carrierhaving a hole for the passage of the movable carbon, a jaw-carryinglever b pivoted at one end to said carrier and provided with an openingthrough which the carbon passes, a jaw-carrying lever b pivoted to thecarrier at one end and having its other end forked and extended up intothe opening in the lever b, and lugs or ears on the said forked end ofsaid lever extended above and below the sides of the opening in thelever b, substantially as described.

9. In an electric-arc lamp, a clutch mechanism comprising a carrierhaving a hole for the passage of the movable carbon, a jaw-carryinglever b pivoted at one end to said carrier and provided with an openingthrough which the carbon passes, a jaw-carrying lever a pivoted to thecarrier at one end and having its other end forked and extended up intothe opening in the lever Z1, and lugs or cars on the forked end of saidlever extended above and below the sides of the opening in the lover I),and a depending arm on the lever Z) to engage the lever b, substantiallyas described.

10. In an electric-arc lamp, a clutch mechanism comprising a carrier,and jaw-carrying levers adapted to engage the carbon to be lifted, rodsextended upward from said carrier, a forked lever pivoted to move in asubstantially vertical plane above the clutch and to the arms of whichthe said rods are pivotally connected, and a solenoid electromagnethaving its armature pivotally connected to said forked lever,substantially as described.

11. In an electric-arc lamp, a clutch mechanism comprising a carrier,and jaw-carrying levers adapted to engage the carbon to be lifted, rodsextended upward from said car rier, a forked lever pivoted to move in asubstantially vertical plane above the clutch to the arms of which thesaid rods are pivotally connected, and a solenoid electromagnet havingits armature pivotally connected to said forked lever, and a dash-pothaving its piston-rod pivotally connected to the said forked lever,substantially as described.

12. In an electric-arc lamp,a carbon-receiving tube, a carbon-holdermovable in said tube and adapted to project through the bottom of saidtube for a portion of its length, and means on the lower portion of saidholder adapted to prevent upward movement of the holder into the saidtube when the carbon is renewed, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

ERNST WOLTMANN.

Witnesses:

HARRY SANDHAM, CLIFFORD BOESE.

